Online Payment Systems: Articles

• Lee S. Adams & David J. Martz, Developments in Cyberbanking, 57 Bus. Law. 1257 (2002)
• Lee S. Adams, David J. Martz & Obrea O. Poindexter, Developments in Cyberbanking, 56 Bus. Law. 1179 (2001)
• Heather C. Alston, Comment, Will That Be Cash, Credit, or E-Money?, 1 N.C. Banking Inst. 225 (1997)
• Mark E. Budnitz, Consumer Payment Systems: New Products and Services, New Laws and New Problems, 56 Consumer Fin. L.Q. Rep. 52 (2002)
• Mark E. Budnitz, Stored Value Cards and the Consumer: The Need for Regulation, 46 Am. U. L. Rev. 1027 (1997)
• Mark E. Budnitz, Electronic Money in the 1990s: A Net Benefit or Merely a Trade-off?, 9 Ga. St. U. L. Rev. 747 (1993)
• Catherine M. Downey, Comment, The High Price of a Cashless Society: Exchanging Privacy Rights for Digital Cash?, 14 J. Marshall J. Computer & Info. L. 303 (1996)
• Walter A. Effross, Piracy, Privacy, and Privatization: Fictional and Legal Approaches to the Electronic Future of Cash, 46 Am. U. L. Rev. 961 (1997)
• Walter A. Effross, Putting the Cards before the Purse?: Distinctions, Differences, and Dilemmas in the Regulation of Stored Value Card Systems, 65 UMKC L. Rev. 319 (1997)
• Timothy H. Ehrlich, Note, To Regulate or Not? Managing the Risks of E-Money and Its Potential Application in Money Laundering Schemes, 11 Harv. J.L. & Tech. 833 (1998)
• David D. Friedman & Kerry L. Macintosh, The Cash of the Twenty-First Century, 17 Santa Clara Computer & High Tech. L.J. 273 (2001)
• A. Michael Froomkin, Flood Control on the Information Ocean: Living with Anonymity, Digital Cash, and Distributed Databases, 15 J.L. & Com. 395 (1996)   [no-frames version]
• Julia Alpert Gladstone, Does the EC Council Directive No. 95/46/EC Mandate the Use of Anonymous Digital Currency?, 22 Fordham Int'l L.J. (1999)
• Julia Alpert Gladstone, Exploring the Role of Digital Currency in the Retail Payments System, 31 New Eng. L. Rev. 1193 (1997)
• Janine S. Hiller & Don Lloyd Cook, From Clipper Ships to Clipper Chips: The Evolution of Payment Systems for Electronic Commerce, 17 J.L. & Com. 53 (1997)
• Christopher D. Hoffman, Encrypted Digital Cash Transfers: Why Traditional Money Laundering Controls May Fail without Uniform Cryptography Regulations, 21 Fordham Int'l L.J. 799 (1998)
• Sarah Jane Hughes, A Case for Regulating Cyberpayments, 51 Admin. L. Rev. 809 (1999)   [abstract]
• Sarah Jane Hughes, A Call for International Legal Standards for Emerging Retail Electronic Payment Systems, 15 Ann. Rev. Banking L. 197 (1996)
• Carl Kaminski, Note, Online Peer-to-Peer Payments: PayPal Primes the Pump, Will Banks Follow?, 7 N.C. Banking Inst. 375 (2003)
• Joshua B. Konvisser, Note, Coins, Notes, and Bits: The Case for Legal Tender on the Internet, 10 Harv. J.L. & Tech. 321 (1997)
• Grace H. Lee & Joseph Devaney, Electronic Banking, 19 Ann. Rev. Banking L. 27 (2000)
• Simon L. Lelieveldt, How to Regulate Electronic Cash: An Overview of Regulatory Issues and Strategies, 46 Am. U. L. Rev. 1163 (1997)
• Gary W. Lorenz, Electronic Stored Value Payment Systems, Market Position, and Regulatory Issues, 46 Am. U. L. Rev. 1177 (1997)
• Kerry Lynn Macintosh, Electronic Cash--More Questions Than Answers, 7 B.U. J. Sci. & Tech. L. 213 (2001)
• Kerry Lynn Macintosh, The New Money, 14 Berkeley Tech. L.J. 659 (1999)
• Kerry Lynn Macintosh, How to Encourage Global Electronic Commerce: The Case for Private Currencies on the Internet, 11 Harv. J.L. & Tech. 733 (1998)
• Gregory E. Maggs, New Payment Devices and General Principles of Payment Law, 72 Notre Dame L. Rev. 753 (1997)
• Bill Maurer, Cyberspatial Sovereignties: Offshore Finance, Digital Cash, and the Limits of Liberalism, 5 Ind. J. Global Legal Stud. 493 (1998)
• John D. Muller, Selected Developments in the Law of Cyberspace Payments, 54 Bus. Law. 403 (1998)
• David G. Oedel, Why Regulate Cybermoney?, 46 Am. U. L. Rev. 1075 (1997)
• Judith Rinearson, Survey, Regulation of Electronic Stored Value Payment Products Issued by Non-Banks under State "Money Transmitter" Licensing Laws, 58 Bus. Law. 317 (2002)
• Andres Rueda, The Implications of Strong Encryption Technology on Money Laundering, 12 Alb. L.J. Sci. & Tech. 1 (2001)
• Mark D. Schopper, Comment, Internet Gambling, Electronic Cash & Money Laundering: The Unintended Consequences of a Monetary Control Scheme, 5 Chap. L. Rev. 303 (2002)
• Bryan S. Schultz, Comment, Electronic Money, Internet Commerce, and the Right to Financial Privacy: A Call for New Federal Guidelines, 67 U. Cin. L. Rev. 779 (1999)
• Andrew L. Shapiro, Digital Middlemen and the Architecture of Electronic Commerce, 24 Ohio N.U. L. Rev. 795 (1998)
• Randall W. Sifers, Note, Regulating Electronic Money in Small-Value Payment Systems: Telecommunications Law as a Regulatory Model, 49 Fed. Comm. L.J. 701 (1997)   [alternate link]
• Brian W. Smith & Ramsey J. Wilson, How Best to Guide the Evolution of Electronic Currency Law, 46 Am. U. L. Rev. 1105 (1997)
• David E. Sorkin, Payment Methods for Consumer-to-Consumer Online Transactions, 35 Akron L. Rev. 1 (2001)
• Robert F. Stankey, Internet Payment Systems: Legal Issues Facing Businesses, Consumers and Payment Service Providers, 6 CommLaw Conspectus 11 (1998)
• Jeffrey P. Taft, Internet-Based Payment Systems: An Overview of the Regulatory and Compliance Issues, 56 Consumer Fin. Law Quarterly Report 42 (2002).
• Shahriar Tavakol, Comment, Digital Value Units, Electronic Commerce and International Trade: An Obituary for State Sovereignty over National Markets, 17 J. Marshall J. Computer & Info. L. 1197 (1999)
• Wendy J. Weimer, Comment, Cyberlaundering: An International Cache for Microchip Money, 13 DePaul Bus. L.J. 199 (2000/2001)
• Sarah N. Welling & Andy G. Rickman, Cyberlaundering: The Risks, the Responses, 50 Fla. L. Rev. 295 (1998)
• Catherine Lee Wilson, Banking on the Net: Extending Bank Regulation to Electronic Money and Beyond, 30 Creighton L. Rev. 671 (1997)
• Jane Kaufman Winn, Clash of the Titans: Regulating the Competition Between Established and Emerging Electronic Payment Systems, 14 Berkeley Tech. L.J. 675 (1999)   [alternate link]

Note:  Thousands of articles have been written about online payment systems and electronic cash; this bibliography is limited to articles published in academic law reviews. Some are available on the web; the rest can be obtained through Lexis, Westlaw, or ingenta (formerly UnCover).

Online Payment Systems

David E. Sorkin Last revised: 27 April 2003